Blog page… suite

Hello,

I come to you because I have trouble creating my blog page .
You help me to install it in a previous post , but since I meet bugged when I created articles .
I can show you my ID so you can see the anomalies.
Can not open items again.
I try with the model pages: blog grid / small blog / blog but the problem is the same.
Another thing, I am the indications author / category / comments do not appear. I have unchecked in “Screen Options” but nothing happens .
Finally, I shall desire that the date be in French …
How to successfully obtain a functional blog page ?
I greatly need your help …
thank you